February marks a transitional period in Iraq’s weather, falling between the winter and early spring seasons. The weather varies depending on the region, with the northern mountainous areas experiencing cooler conditions, while the southern plains and desert regions remain relatively mild. For travelers, February can offer pleasant weather, though preparation is essential due to occasional fluctuations in temperature, winds, and precipitation.

Average Temperatures and Precipitation Levels in February

Average Temperatures in February

The average temperatures in Iraq during February are mild compared to the extreme summer heat. However, temperatures can vary considerably across different regions of the country, with the north experiencing colder conditions and the southern plains remaining relatively warmer. Here is a breakdown of average high and low temperatures for different regions in Iraq during February:

Location	Average High (°C)	Average Low (°C)
Baghdad (Central)	16°C	6°C
Erbil (North)	10°C	0°C
Basra (South)	20°C	9°C
Najaf (South)	18°C	6°C
Sulaymaniyah (North)	7°C	-2°C
Mosul (North)	12°C	3°C

In the central and southern regions of Iraq, including Baghdad, Basra, and Najaf, daytime temperatures typically range from 16°C to 20°C, providing mild weather that is conducive to travel and outdoor activities. The nights in these regions, however, can be cooler, especially in the desert and desert-adjacent areas, where temperatures can dip to between 6°C and 9°C.

In the northern regions, such as Erbil, Mosul, and Sulaymaniyah, temperatures tend to be lower, with daily highs averaging between 7°C and 12°C, and nighttime temperatures can drop well below freezing, particularly in mountainous areas. Snowfall is more common in the north, especially in mountainous areas such as the Kurdistan region.

Precipitation Levels in February

February falls within Iraq’s rainy season, which lasts from November to April. However, rainfall levels during this month are generally moderate. The northern regions tend to receive more precipitation, while the southern and central parts of Iraq remain drier.

• Rainfall: In the north, especially in the Kurdistan region, rainfall can reach up to 80mm, while in the central regions, including Baghdad and Najaf, rainfall may range between 20mm to 40mm. In the southern parts of the country, such as Basra, rain is even rarer and may only total 10mm to 20mm in the month of February.
• Snowfall: Snow is more likely in the northern mountainous areas, such as Erbil and Sulaymaniyah, where elevations reach higher altitudes. While snow is not guaranteed, there is a chance of snowstorms in these regions during February, particularly during the colder nights.

February can also experience occasional cloudy days and light rain showers, particularly in the north, although the rainy season is relatively short and rain is usually not intense enough to disrupt travel plans.

Wind Patterns in February

The wind patterns in Iraq during February are typically moderate, with winds being most prevalent in the desert regions. These winds can increase in intensity during periods of instability or as cold fronts move through. In general, wind speeds are between 10 to 20 km/h, although gusts may reach up to 30 km/h, especially in open desert areas. Stronger winds may be felt during or after rainstorms or snowfalls, particularly in the northern mountainous areas.

The winds are typically dry, and in desert regions, they can carry significant amounts of dust, reducing visibility and causing discomfort. Travelers visiting during this period should be prepared for dusty conditions, especially if they are exploring regions such as the Iraqi desert or open plains.

Atmospheric Pressure in February

During February, Iraq experiences relatively stable atmospheric pressure, with average pressure levels typically around 1010 to 1020 hPa. These levels are characteristic of the cooler, dry winter months, and they remain fairly consistent throughout the country. Atmospheric pressure in February is not subject to major fluctuations or drastic weather changes, which makes it a good time for travel, as weather patterns are usually predictable.

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What to Consider When Traveling to Iraq in February

February can be an excellent time to visit Iraq, as the weather is moderate and more comfortable than during the extreme summer heat. However, there are some important factors to keep in mind to ensure a smooth and enjoyable trip.

1. Temperature Variability

One of the key things to consider when traveling to Iraq in February is the variability in temperatures between regions. While temperatures in Baghdad and Basra can be quite mild, the northern regions, such as Erbil and Sulaymaniyah, can experience freezing conditions, particularly during the night. If you plan to visit both northern and southern Iraq, it is crucial to pack accordingly, with warm clothing for the northern regions and lighter clothing for the central and southern parts.

Also, don’t forget to bring layers, as temperatures can shift dramatically between day and night, especially in the desert and mountainous areas. A warm jacket, gloves, and a scarf are essential if you’re traveling to the north.

2. Rain and Snow in the North

In northern Iraq, including the Kurdistan region, February can bring moderate to heavy rainfall, as well as the possibility of snow. If you’re planning to explore the mountainous regions, be prepared for slippery conditions, and keep in mind that roads may be closed or difficult to navigate due to snow accumulation. While snowstorms are not frequent, they can occur in areas such as Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, and Zakho, and may limit access to certain tourist sites or hiking trails.

It’s important to check local weather forecasts and road conditions, especially if you plan to visit areas with higher altitudes, and be flexible with your travel plans in case of inclement weather.

3. Dust Storms in Desert Areas

Although February is generally a mild month, dust storms can occur, particularly in the southern and central desert regions. Winds from the north can pick up dust and sand, reducing visibility and making outdoor activities uncomfortable. If you’re traveling in desert areas, consider wearing a mask or scarf over your nose and mouth to protect yourself from inhaling dust. Sunglasses and a hat can also help shield your eyes from the blowing sand.

Travelers should also be cautious while driving in dusty conditions, as visibility may be poor. Plan for extra travel time, and always keep water and a first-aid kit on hand, as these conditions can be taxing on your health, particularly if you’re not used to the dry air.

4. Limited Rain in the South

In the southern part of Iraq, rainfall is much lower than in the northern regions. However, even with limited rain, travelers should expect the occasional light rain shower. The weather is generally favorable for outdoor activities, but visitors should always carry an umbrella or waterproof jacket to prepare for unexpected weather changes.

5. Limited Tourist Infrastructure in Certain Areas

Although the security situation in Iraq has improved in recent years, some areas of the country, particularly in the central and southern regions, may still face instability or lack modern infrastructure. When planning a trip to Iraq, it is advisable to stay updated on safety advisories and consult with local guides or tour operators who can assist with logistics and ensure safe passage through regions that may be less accessible.

Travelers should also be aware that some historical sites or areas of cultural interest may have limited facilities or amenities. It’s a good idea to pack essentials, including food, water, and first-aid supplies, in case services are not readily available.

6. Cultural Sensitivity

As with traveling in any country, being culturally sensitive is crucial. Iraq is predominantly Muslim, and visitors should dress modestly, particularly when visiting religious sites or rural areas. Women, in particular, should cover their heads and wear long-sleeved clothing to show respect for local customs. Additionally, it’s important to respect local traditions and be mindful of any restrictions on public behavior, especially in religious or conservative communities.

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Things to Do in Iraq in February

February offers a unique opportunity to explore Iraq’s rich history, culture, and natural beauty, with a more pleasant climate compared to the scorching summer months. Below are some of the top activities and experiences that visitors can enjoy during this month.

1. Visit the Historical Sites in Baghdad

Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, is home to numerous historical and cultural sites, such as the National Museum of Iraq, which houses artifacts dating back to ancient Mesopotamia. The weather in February is mild enough to explore the city comfortably. Visitors can also tour the historic Al-Mustansiriya University and enjoy the vibrant atmosphere at the Bab al-Muadham gate.

2. Explore the Ancient City of Babylon

Babylon, located near Hillah in central Iraq, is one of the world’s most famous ancient sites. The ruins of this once-great city include the Ishtar Gate, the remnants of the ancient palace, and the impressive ziggurat. February’s mild weather makes it a great time to explore these outdoor ruins without the intense heat that comes later in the year.

3. Hiking in the Kurdistan Region

For those who love outdoor adventures, the Kurdistan region offers excellent opportunities for hiking and trekking. February, with its cooler temperatures and snow in the higher elevations, is a great time to explore the stunning landscapes of the Zagros Mountains. Visitors can enjoy scenic hikes, visit picturesque towns like Erbil and Sulaymaniyah, and explore cultural sites along the way.

4. Visit the Marshes of Southern Iraq

The marshlands of southern Iraq, a UNESCO World Heritage site, are another fascinating destination. These wetlands, located in the southern provinces near Basra, are home to unique wildlife and ancient cultures. Although the southern region receives less rain in February, the weather remains suitable for exploring the marshes, and visitors can take boat rides to observe the local ecosystem and communities.

5. Explore Najaf and Karbala

The cities of Najaf and Karbala are major pilgrimage sites for Shia Muslims. Najaf is home to the shrine of Imam Ali, while Karbala is the site of the Battle of Karbala and the shrine of Imam Hussein. February is an ideal time to visit these cities, as the weather is cool enough for comfortable walks around the religious sites, and the crowds are typically smaller compared to the peak pilgrimage months.

6. Discover the Ancient Ruins of Ashur

Located near the town of Qal’at Shirgat in northern Iraq, the ancient ruins of Ashur are an important historical site for those interested in Assyrian culture. With February’s moderate temperatures, it’s an ideal time to explore the site and learn more about Iraq’s ancient civilizations. The site includes the remains of temples, palaces, and statues dating back over 2,000 years.